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Previous Next The best candle and soap tips online! truck, as shown iu diagram K"o. 46, made and constructed expressly for the purpose. The block of soap having been first cut loose from the bottom of the frame; this truck is run to the side of it, and, by means of rack and pinions worked with a lever, the block of soap is slipped on the truck, brought to the machine, and, by the same power, thereupon placed. All this is done with great ease and despatch, and by the same power. The range of wires C is regulated by corresponding gauges in the upright posts, which allow it to be set to cut slabs of any desired thickness. The block of soap is forced up to those wires by the driver B, propelled by means of racks and pinions and a winch. It will be seen that in this way the block will be converted into slabs. There is a similar horizontal arrangement of cutting-wires D, and confined to a vertical motion by the posts of the frame. These wires are also arranged as above, so that any desired bars may be cut. It is caused to descend by the action of the rack and pinions and winch as above; and with this part of the machine the slabs are converted into bars without handling the same. They, consequently, are much neater and smoother than they could be cut otherwise. The wires, being fastened at one end to a spring E E, will easily yield and form the required loops at the beginning of Fig. 47. the operation; and then both ends become fixed, so that the loops cannot get any larger, if the soap be very hard; in which case the long loop is more apt to warp and cut uneven. The steady motion of this machine permits the use of much 16 242 TECHNICAL TREATISE ON SOAP AND CANDLES. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A SOAP FACTORY. 243 smaller wire than will do for hand-cutting, and consequently the work is much smoother. This apparatus cuts the blocks of soap into bars as long as its width. To make pound lumps or small cakes and tablets, the slabs must be transferred to the second, or caking machine, Fig. 47. The slabs are placed in as great number as can be got on, upon a range of rollers A, and forced through the range of wires B, by the driver C, which is propelled by racks and pinions and a crank. The soap having been forced through lengthwise, and the crank being shifted, it is then forced through the range of wires D, by the driver E. Both the drivers are connected with the same crank, and, by displacing it from the one, it gears itself into the other. The wires Fig. 48. Champion soap elabber. are arranged in the same manner as in the slabbing machine. They may be readily shifted so as to cut any desired shape or size. This mode of cutting gives great smoothness and uniformity of weight and size to the bars and lumps, saves handling, scratching, and bending, and effects a larger gain over the usual method, in time, labor, and expense. Two of the most recently invented machines for cutting Boap are those made by Hersey Brothers, of Boston, Mass., and here illustrated by Figs. 48 and 49. Ihe Champion Slabber (Fig. 48) is similar to that of Van Hagen, already described, with some improvements that make it more rapid in its working. Ealston's cutter (Fig. 49) has an attachment for spreading and stamping, so that the cakes are furnished ready for packing; it is simple and fast in action, and large quantities of soap can be cut and stamped in a working day. Fig. 49. Ralston's patent cutter with stamping and spreading attachments. Grutching Machines. Stephen Strum's Soap-crutching machine, also made by Hersey Brothers. (See Figs. 50 and 51.) This machine is simple in construction, and perfect in its action. It crutches the soap completely within three minutes, 245 244 TECHNICAL TREATISE ON SOAP AND CANDLES. and gives it a smoothness and transparency which can never be obtained by any other machine. Size, 1200 pounds. The speed of main shaft, with the working paddles on, should be forty-five to fifty revolutions per minute, and should turn so as to work the soap to the valve and pump it out. "When the machine is charged, the soap should cover the paddles two inches before the machine is started. When running the soap into the frame, the machine should be stopped until the soap commences to run slowly, otherwise it will force it out too rapidly. Very little power is necessary for this machine. To clean the machine, put in four Fig. 50. Strunz's Crutching Machine (outside view). or five bucketsful of boiling salt water about 22 degrees strong, and run the machine three to four minutes; which should be done while the soap remaining in the machine is warm. The machine must always be cleaned after using. Previous Next
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