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Home > Hunt, engineers and machinists, Baltimore;...
Previous Next The best candle and soap tips online! Hunt, engineers and machinists, Baltimore; and the clamp, which fits on the ends, and holds them together, is shown Fisr. 30. sides of plate iron, flanged at their upper edges, and strengthened by ribs of corrugated plate iron, riveted to their outer surface, running in. the direction of their length (Fig. 32). Fig. 32. by a. They are drawn to a scale of three-eighths of an inch to afoot. Being mounted on wheels, these frames can readily Fig. 81. be moved from place to place. The good conducting power of the metal promotes the cooling and solidifying of the soap paste. Whitaker's Patent Soap Frame.—One of the most approved forms is that made by Messrs. Hersey Brothers, of Boston, Mass., Whitaker's Patent Soap Frame. It consists of two These corrugations prevent the bending or twisting of the side plates, and the soap cools into the exact rectangular shape of the frame. The trouble and expense of the ordinary stays and supports are here avoided, as the frame is self-sustaining. The sides are connected by ends of two-inch plank, secured by clamps. The frame is very light, easily managed, and can be adjusted and unadjusted by one workman almost momentarily. The soap cools very rapidly— ordinary soap cooling sufficiently to strip in twenty-four hours in cold, and in forty-eight in warm weather. Frames of Wood.—These frames are made of oak or pine. Those of oak are costly, and have the disadvantage of coloring the soap; the others do not present this inconvenience, and are to be preferred. Nearly all the frames are constructed of four movable parts, which are made of boards of pine wood, about two or three inches thick. To preserve the 234 TECHNICAL TREATISE ON SOAP AND CANDLES. THE ESTABLISHMENT OP A SOAP FACTORY. 235 wood from alteration the inside is lined with very thin sheet iron, fixed to the wood with tacks about half an inch long. By this means these frames may be used five or six years without repair. The floor is of wood or brick. When the soap is cold and ready to be taken off, the sides of the frames are removed, and the cake of soap remains standing on the bottom. In this country, frames are made of pine wood, for light-colored and fine soaps ; and of cast iron for common yellow soap. The iron frames need not exceed half an inch iu thickness; but those of wood should be made of two or three inch stuff. The shape is that of a parallelogram, as Fig. 33. four, or five (Fig. 34), they may form a water-tight well, which will hold the hot paste without leaking. The wooden frames are lifted oft', one at a time, and the soap remains upon the movable bottom ready to be divided into bar3, as shown by Fig. 33. Fig. 34, ISo. 1, shows the will of five frames, ready for receiving the soap paste. A single frame and the bottom of the well are severally presented in Nos. 2 and 3. The German frames, like those of this country, are also constructed so that they may easily be separated into pieces, being set up by nuts and screws, as shown in Figs. 35 and 36. Their floor is also movable; and is shown in longitudi-
Fig. 35. Fig. 36. shown by the drawings; and the dimensions of the opposite sides and ends are respectively 36 and 12 to 15 inches. They Fig. 34. nal section by Fig. 37, and in breadth by Fig. 38. It consists of two layers of deal boards, in the upper of which are four grooves, fitting with the projections in the sides. The two narrow sides are also supported on the inside by cross- should be about 36 inches deep, and smoothly jointed, so that when they are placed on top of each other in piles of three, Fig. 38. Fig. 37. pieces. All the sides are strengthened by supports. When the several parts are put together, the bolts, screw cut at the other end, have only to be inserted through the projecting parts of the longer sides, and made fast by the nuts at the ends, to form the whole into a solid box. A cloth spread over the bottom prevents any soap from passing the holes, through which the lye drains off. A frame with its sides and ends down is shown by Fig. 39. By the side of it is the clamp used for holding the different parts in position when 2S6 TECHNICAL TREATISE ON SOAP AND CANDLES. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A SOAP FACTORY. 237 the frame is set up. Many, to prevent the too rapid cooling of the soap, are covered with a mattress of soft material on the outside, etc. Fig. 39. The Hersey's Patent Rotary Soap Pump of Hersey Brothers, of Boston, combines in itself more excellences and is better adapted to the requirements of the trade than anything of the kind ever presented, and there are now very few large manufacturers in the United States who use any other appliance for taking off soap. The pump may be set up in any convenient position adjacent to the kettle, and not over ten feet above the bottom of the same, and connected to h by means of a two-and-a-half-inch iron pipe tapped through the iron plate at a distance of about two feet above the worm or coil. Each kettle is thus connected with the pump by the iron pipes, which have valves placed upon them on the outside (of the kettle) so that any one of them may be readily pumped off and framed without disturbing the others. The pipe inside of the kettle has a suitable swing-joint so arranged that it can be raised or lowered at pleasure. The cuts represent the pump—perspective and sectional. Fig. 40 represents the pump complete; when the pump is rotated in the direction of the arrow, the outlet marked S is the suction ; when rotated in the opposite direction, the opposite outlet becomes the suction. This is an important feature, as it enables the discharge pipes to be emptied of their contents in stopping, by giving- a few revolutions by hand in the opposite direction. Fig. 41 is a view of the interior of the pump when the cover is taken oft'. Previous Next
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